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Sanctions can be imposed on any combination of states, groups or individuals.

Article 41 – Measures not involving the use of armed forceĪmong the most common measures not involving the use of armed force, which the Council has at its disposal to enforce its decisions, are those measures that are known as sanctions. While not expressly enumerated in the United Nations Charter, the types of measures that could be typically assumed as falling under the provision of Article 40, and which are distinct from recommendations made under Chapter VI of the Charter, include a withdrawal of armed forces, a cessation of hostilities, a conclusion or observance of a ceasefire or a creation of the conditions necessary for unimpeded delivery of humanitarian assistance. The objective of measures under Article 40 of the Charter is to “prevent an aggravation of the situation”. Article 40 – Provisional measures to prevent the aggravation of a situation Furthermore, the Council identifies potential or generic threats as threats to international peace and security, such as terrorist acts, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or the proliferation and illicit trafficking of small arms and light weapons.

The range of situations which the Council determined as giving rise to threats to the peace includes country-specific situations such as inter- or intra-State conflicts or internal conflicts with a regional or sub-regional dimension. Article 39 – Determination of threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggressionīefore the Security Council can adopt enforcement measures, it has to determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace or act of aggression. Article 51 – Right of individual or collective self-defenceĪ.Article 50 – Effects of Council preventive or enforcement measures towards third States.

Article 49 – Mutual assistance owed by Member States in carrying out the Council’s decisions.Article 48 – Member States’ obligation to accept the Council’s binding decisions.Articles 43-47 – Command and deployment of military forces.Article 42 – Other measures to maintain or restore international peace and security.Article 41 – Measures not involving the use of armed force.Article 40 – Provisional measures to prevent the aggravation of a situation.Article 39 – Determination of threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression.